CEPHAL-X 500 mg  

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Cephalexin

Cap.500 mg

Cefal-X^® (Cefalexin)

Description

Cefal-X^® is a semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic intended for oral administration.

Clinical pharmacology

Cefal-X^® is similar to cephalosporins in its bactericidal action because of their inhibition of cell-wall synthesis. Cefalexin has been shown to be active against most strains of the following microorganisms.

Antibacterial activity

Aerobes, Gram-positive:

Staphylococcus aureus (including penicillinase-producing strains), Staphylococcus epidermidis (penicillin-susceptible strains), Streptococcus pneumoniae Streptococcus pyogenes.

Aerobes, Gram-negative:

Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenza Klebsiella pneumonia,Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis, Proteus mirabilis.

Note --Methicillin-resistant staphylococci and most strains of enterococci (Enterococcus faecalis [formerly Streptococcus faecalis  ]) are resistant to cephalosporins, including cefalexin. It is not active against most strains of Enterobacter spp, Morganella morganii and Proteus vulgaris. It has no activity against Pseudomonas spp or Acinetobacter calcoaceticus.

Pharmacokinetics

Oral absorption rapidly

Presystemic metabolism ----

Plasma half – life range 61.3 min

Volume of distribution 0.31.kg^-1

Plasma protein binding Up to 15%

Indication

1- Respiratory tract infections

2- Bone infections

3- Skin and skin structure infections

4- Otitis media

5- Genitourinary tract infections

Contraindication

Cefal-X^® is contraindicated in patients with known allergy to the cephalosporin group of antibiotics

Precaution

· If an allergic reaction to Cefalexin occurs, the drug should be discontinued and the patient treated with the usual agents (eg, epinephrine or other pressor amines, antihistamines, or corticosteroids).

· The possibility of superinfections with mycotic or bacterial pathogens should be kept in mind during therapy. If superinfections occur, cefalexin should be discontinued and appropriate therapy instituted.

· Positive dire